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Health education in teaching of biology at primary schools
GALÍKOVÁ, Tereza
The final paper sets four teaching texts, topics of which are Mushrooms with fruiting bodies (Consumable and poisonous mushrooms), Vegetable drugs, Parasites and HIV/AIDS. Moreover, it suggests teaching activities such as games, which are supposed to strenghten the pupils´ newly gained knowledge using an enjoyable aproach. The theoretical part of the paper contains analyses of biology textbooks and methodology rules charecteristics, including a thorough methodological analysis of topical unit Mushrooms with fruiting bodies, Vegetable drugs, Parasites and HIV/AIDS in fourteen Czech biology textbooks for primary schools. The supplement contains proposed aide samples presented in photographs and pictures, a handbook for mushroom, vegetable drugs and parasite recognition.
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Spreading Problem of HIV/AIDS in Afghanistan
BAKHSHI, Mirwais
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) that causes AIDS, ?acquired immunodeficiency syndrome? is one of the world?s most serious health and development challenges. Afghanistan faces many challenges such as instability around the country, low literacy levels, high levels of opium production, and a lack of basic infrastructure. The first Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) case was reported in Afghanistan in 1989. Studies on HIV transmission in Afghanistan characterize an epidemic which centers largely around three behaviors such as share dneedles and syringes, unprotected sex with sex workers, and unprotected sex between males. The main aim of my thesis was monitoring the problem of HIV/AIDS in Afghanistan, other accompany in gaims were to describe the current status of HIV/AIDS in Afghanistan, Mapping the knowledge of workers in hairdressers - barbers in center and the region of Kabul, mapping HIV/AIDS knowledge of local physicians in the center and in the region of Kabul.
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Knowledge of children and youth from Namibia about HIV/AIDS
REGULOVÁ, Kristýna
The presented bachelor's thesis deals with the problem of HIV/AIDS in Namibia, the region of Karas, the city of Keetmanshoop, where the author spent three months researching the level of awareness of the danger of HIV/AIDS among children and youth. The goal of the thesis is to find out the level of awareness of the danger of HIV/AIDS disease among the children and youth in the specific region of Namibia. The questions cover these main interests: What is the current level of knowledge of the HIV/AIDS problem among children and youth in Namibia? What are the most common sources of information about the problem? What prevention programmes seem to be the most effective ones? What is the role of the school and the family in the public education? The results were quite satisfactory, 62% were familiar with two or three modes of transmission of the virus, and two or three correct ways of protection from the infection. To sum up, giving two correct answers out of three options was considered the optimal criterion of the respondents´ awareness of the problem. The research also made it clear that school was the major source of information for the majority of the pupils ? 77%, home and family came second ? 12%, 4% stated they got the information from friends, and 2% indicated the doctor who informed them. 5% did not get any information at all. This shows that school in Namibia plays an insubstitutable role in this field. This is supported by another answer ? 80% of the respondents state there are HIV/AIDS prevention programmes at their schools. Family comes second ? 32% of the respondents talk very often with their parents about sex and HIV/AIDS, 43% occasionally, 25% never. Also, 68% know an HIV positive person in their neighbourhood, and 69% answered they knew people who died of AIDS. The fact that HIV/AIDS is a real threat is confirmed by another outcome ? 84% of these young people fear of HIV/AIDS, and 93% think HIV/AIDS testing is very important. Three people took part in the qualitative research ? they live in Keetmanshoop, Namibia, in their jobs they are in direct contact with children and youth, and they have their own children as well. The interviews were made ? with a medic working in a clinic in a poor neighbourhood of Tseiblaagter and doing fieldwork, with the headmistress and teacher of primary school in Tseiblaagter, and with a social worker. The interviews were made in English, however, for the purpose of this paper (the part of which the interviews are) they were translated into Czech. The questions given concerned the problems of HIV/AIDS and effective primary HIV/AIDS prevention and education offered to children and youth. The questions also touched their personal experience in this field gained from their jobs. The outcome of the interviews with the adults, more or less, corresponds to that of the questionnaires filled in by the pupils. It shows that it is the interactive games, debates and peer programmes, organised in the communities, that are the most effective prevention programmes. It is summed up that, as for HIV/AIDS prevention, the school plays the most important part in the life of young generation. Schools should steer young people to resposibility and determination to protect themselves from HIV virus. It is obvious that family and close neighbourhood of the children, for some reasons, get engaged much less in this field. The reasons might be ? unawareness of the problem, missing parents, or the lack of positive examples on the side of the adults in the children´s neighbourhood. The future time will show if the present children are able to protect themselves from the disease in their future life.
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Social services for people with HIV/AIDS
LINHARTOVÁ, Barbora
Worldwide statistics show an increasing number of people infected with HIV. Unfortunately, number of people with HIV is also increasing in the Czech Republic (CR). That's why I was in my thesis entitled Social services for persons with HIV / AIDS deeply devoted to care, which is in the Czech Republic provided to persons affected by this insidious disease. I focused on social services, which device provides them, how users are satisfied and whether they have constant contact with the family. The bachelor thesis is divided in two parts, namely the theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is thematically divided into nine sub-chapters, which are further divided into sections. The first subsection deals with the current situation, therefore the definition of HIV / AIDS, the second chapter explains the entire history of HIV and in the third chapter I write about the transmission of HIV. In this section there are described different ways of transmission of the virus. In this part I try to describe to the reader what that HIV / AIDS is. In the fourth and fifth subchapter is referred clinical picture of the disease, how the disease manifests itself, which are the stages of the disease and especially epidemiology, when to readers are approximated data and statistics from the Czech Republic and also from abroad. In the following three sub-sections, which are: treatment, testing and prevention, is briefly described treating HIV / AIDS, what are the methods of testing and how you can defend against HIV. The final ninth chapter is devoted to the principal topic of my thesis, and that?s social services (pursuant to Act 108/2006 Sb.) that are provided to people with HIV / AIDS, where are they provided, how are they financed, etc. Last but not least is mentioned where can a person who feels threatened by the virus, reverse. The practical part of this work was conducted through qualitative research, secondary data analysis and content analysis data. The first objective was to monitor the overall range of social services in the Czech Republic. The second goal was also monitoring, but in this case it was monitoring the satisfaction of users of social services DS with services provided by that social center. Since DS is the only facility providing the service in the Czech Republic, the research was conducted exclusively in this device. The third aim of my thesis was to compare data and statistics HIV / AIDS in the Czech Republic and other European countries. For comparison, I chose autonomous Switzerland, which seemed the most appropriate for comparison. For the purposes of research, I have identified three research questions: What is the incidence and prevalence of HIV / AIDS in the Czech Republic 31 12th 2012? What is the situation of HIV / AIDS in Switzerland compared to the Czech Republic? Is satisfaction of respondents with social services sufficient or D9+-S users have concerns about social services? Even in 2011 didn?t the Czech Republic belong among risk countries with a high incidence and prevalence. In the past year (2012) increased prevalence and incidence and the Czech Republic got on the list of countries at risk. It is paradoxical that while in the Czech Republic, is only one device for people with HIV / AIDS, which provides social services and the number of infected increases every year, there is no need to expand the provision of social services. DS coverers enough the needs of people who need this service and is always trying to find the best and most optimal solution for both sides. The work could help to raise the profile of this serious health, economic and social problem and at the same time could serve as study material not only for students but also for the general public. Furthermore, it could be extended to the framework of the thesis.
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AIDS - a Disease or God´s Punishment?
VOBORNÍKOVÁ, Daniela
Present work deals with the solution of the strain between Jewish-Christian picture of good and loving God and a tragic reality of AIDS phenomenon. The work looks for answers to questions such as: Is a human being able to influence their health by an ethical way of life? To what extend are we responsible for our diseases and difficulties? Is a disease God´s punishment?{\crqq} What is (can be) the sense of a disease? How can we explain the suffering of the innocent? The work looks for the connections between a disease and a sin, between AIDS and an immoral life. The work presents the HIV/AIDS issue as a phenomenon concerning all people without a difference. It solves if it is possible to perceive AIDS as a kind of God punishment for sinful and immoral behaviour of people, as a consequence of structural maleficence or a personal carelessness of a human person. It points out the methods of primary prevention and reminds the task of a Christian to bring Christian values into a human society. The way out is found in the change of thinking and behaviour of people: in the appreciation and acquirement of ethical demands and opening to God blessing for the assumption of belief.
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The Awareness of HIV/AIDS among students of the Secondary Health School in Písek
NOVOTNÁ, Jana
HIV / AIDS places many governmental, national and international organizations in a difficult situation. Despite the global efforts aimed at the prevention and treatment of this disease, the number of HIV positive persons as well as people dying of AIDS is increasing every year. It is considered that a key role to reduce this trend is played by education, especially among teenagers, who are one of the most vulnerable groups in the transmission of HIV / AIDS. Healthcare professionals should have enough quality information about the issue of HIV / AIDS, because it may just be they who will be one of the links leading to the reduction in the incidence of this infectious disease. This thesis, titled ?Informing students of the Secondary Medical Schools Písek about HIV / AIDS?, contains two parts. The first one is theoretical and it deals with general issues of HIV / AIDS, its characteristics, history, epidemiology, transmission, clinical picture, diagnostics, and treatment. Moreover, it deals with possible methods of preventing HIV transmission, including prevention of HIV transmission in healthcare facilities. This part does not omit the role of peer education and nurses as possible mediators for the transmission of information on preventing HIV / AIDS transmission. The second part summarizes the results of quantitative research, which was conducted with the participation of students of the Secondary Medical School in Písek in the survey. The questionnaire, intended for the students of the said school, was designed in order to verify the knowledge of future healthcare professionals about HIV / AIDS and also it asked whether the students, as adolescents, behave in a way as to increase the risk of HIV transmission. In the questionnaire, which contained 22 questions, the students could express their subjective views on the quality and amount of information about HIV / AIDS provided in their classes at school. The research results were processed and presented by the graphs, bar as well as pie ones, in the empirical part of this thesis. After reviewing the results from the questionnaire these hypotheses were confirmed: H1 Students know the methods of preventing HIV infection. H2 Higher-form students have a wider knowledge of the principles of HIV / AIDS than students of lower forms. In contrast, hypothesis H3 was disproved , which was: ?Students of all forms at the SZŠ in Písek have more information on HIV / AIDS, as compared to an earlier research, than students of another non-medical branch secondary school?. For this purpose, the results of a thesis by Lucie Stříteská were used. Stříteská studied the level of knowledge about HIV / AIDS among students of a secondary vocational school in Valašské Meziříčí in 2008. The results of this thesis can be used by the Secondary Medical School in Písek, or its management and teachers, to learn about the level of students? knowledge about HIV / AIDS and to intensify education in areas where students do not have a good knowledge level during the study.
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Evaluation of knowledge about primary prevention of sexually transmitted diseases among students from selected four-year grammar schools in České Budějovice.
JOZOVÁ, Lucie
The title of my bachelor degree thesis is: Evaluation of knowledge about primary prevention of sexually transmitted diseases among students from selected four-year grammar schools in České Budějovice. As indicated by the title, my objective was to find out what information the students have about the issue of sexually transmitted diseases and how they protect themselves against such infections. In the theoretical part of my thesis I dealt with the current occurence of veneral diseases, their classification, legislative measures and detailed descriptions of the individual diseases. The research part of my thesis is based on an anonymous questionnaire. I have used 178 questionnaires dully filled out by students in the first and second years of four-year grammar schools. I formulated two hypotheses. The first hypothesis assumes that students get the information about the issue most frequently from media. This hypothesis has been confirmed and it demonstrates a long-term trend of an ever increasing influence of media on the young population. The second hypothesis assumes that the health education provided at schools in this field is seen by students as insufficient. This hypothesis has not been confirmed because only 35,4 % of the students evaluated the education as insufficient ( or as none at all). The result have shown that the students are not indifferent to the issue of sexually transmitted diseases (STD), however in certain areas their awareness should be increased to a necessary level. This thesis may be used for teaching purposes and its results may be used by the schools involved in the questionnaire survey as a basis for sexual education and programs of primary prevention to increase the knowledge about the issue among the students and to motivate them to a better approach to their health protection against sexually transmitted diseases.
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The Knowledge of Medical Personnel about AIDS Disease in the Czech Republic in comporacion with Canada
LIŠKOVÁ, Kristina
HIV/AIDS. One of the most feared sexually transmitted diseases, which is currently on the rise in the Czech Republic. The more emphasis should be placed on healthcare staff.Healthcare workers are mostly endangered by injuries caused by a contaminated syringe needle, which can transmit more than 20 diseases, including HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C. Nurses, doctors, but also support staff and other healthcare workers are all at risk. Goal of the paper was to ascertain the level of awareness of healthcare staff in Českobudějovická nemocnice a.s. (The České Budějovice Hospital), and to find out how the staff use their knowledge in practical preventive measures. Obtained results were compared with the results of nurses' awareness and protection in Canada. The research was conducted through a quantitative data collection, namely through a questionnaire survey and hidden observation. The research focused on nurses of surgery, internal medicine, neurology, dermatology and ENT departments. Results of the questionnaire survey were consequently compared with results of the research conducted by Mgr. Jolana Ročňová, DiS. among nurses in Foot Hills Hospital in Calgary in 2006 {--} through quantitative data collection, secondary data analysis and questionnaire survey. In addition, results were compared with the bachelor thesis {\clqq}Occupational Injury Rates among Nurses`` by Renata Pilečková, from 2004. The following hypotheses were employed: healthcare staff's awareness in České Budějovice is sufficient; healthcare workers use preventive measures to a minimum extent. The last hypothesis assumed that better results on the use of knowledge were obtained in Canada. Results of the latter two hypotheses were confirmed in the end.
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